پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

کمّی‌سازی واکنش سبز شدن اکوتیپ‌های مختلف فالاریس (Phalaris minor Retz.) به دما

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.
چکیده
فالاریس (Phalaris minor Retz.) یکی از علف‌های هرز مهم و دردسرساز مزارع گندم است. بهره‌گیری از مدل‌های پیش‌بینی‌کننده سبز شدن جهت مدیریت موفق و کاهش جمعیت بیوتیپ‌های مقاوم آن حائز اهمیت است. درک دقیق از نحوه واکنش نمو گیاهان به دما، پیش‌شرط توسعه مدل‌های دقیق برآورد زمان سبز شدن در شرایط متغیر محیطی است. این مطالعه، با هدف بررسی و کمّی­سازی واکنش سبز شدن چهار اکوتیپ فالاریس (گرگان، کردکوی، زیارت و کلاله) به دما و به ‌دست ‌آوردن دماهای کاردینال با تابع مناسب در 12 تاریخ کاشت (از آذر 1402 تا آبان 1403: هر ماه یک تاریخ کاشت) در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در محوطه دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان انجام شد. برای تحلیل سرعت نمو از کاشت تا سبز شدن، سه مدل دمایی (توابع بتا، سه‌تکه‌ای و دوتکه‌ای) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت که مدل دوتکه‌ای با برآورد دمای پایه 8/3، بهینه 8/21 و سقف 2/30 درجه سانتی‌گراد، بهترین برازش را نشان داد. همچنین میانگین روزهای بیولوژیک مورد نیاز برای سبز شدن در عمق دو سانتی‌متری خاک، 34/5 روز بود. نتایج نشان داد که در دماهای بالا (بیشتر از 30 درجه سانتی‌گراد)، خواب به بذرها القاء شد. یافته‌ها بیانگر آن بود که اکوتیپ‌های مختلف فالاریس در استان گلستان، واکنش سبز شدن مشابهی به دما دارند که نشان­دهنده پایداری اکولوژیک و سازگاری بالای فالاریس در این استان است، بنابراین مدیریت آن‌ها می‌تواند با الگوهای مشترک انجام گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

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