مطالعه نوسانات جمعیت و پراکنش فضایی تریپس پیازThrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) در مزارع لوبیای شهرستان سنندج، استان کردستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

تریپس پیاز، Thrips tabaci Lindeman آفتی پلی­فاژ است و تاکنون از روی گیاهان مختلفی گزارش شده است. در تحقیق حاضر، نوسانات جمعیت و پراکنش فضایی این آفت در شرایط مزرعه­ای در سال­های 1401 و 1402، روی لوبیا رقم کانیون در شهرستان سنندج (استان کردستان) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برگ لوبیا به‌عنوان واحد نمونه­برداری انتخاب شد. نمونه­برداری­ها به‌صورت هفتگی انجام و برای این کار در هر نوبت 52 بوته لوبیا انتخاب و از هر بوته­ی لوبیا سه برگ پایینی، میانی و بالایی انتخاب و برگ­ها روی سینی سفید تکانده شد و سپس تریپس‌های داخل سینی با قلم‌موی نرم به داخل اپندورف حاوی الکل اتیلیک 75 درصد منتقل شدند. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که جمعیت تریپس پیاز از تیرماه در مزرعه فعال بوده و به‌تدریج به میزان فعالیت و تراکم آن­ها افزوده شد به‌طوری‌که که بیش­ترین جمعیت تریپس پیاز در سال 1401، در هفته­ی اول مرداد ماه با میانگین (14/0± 65/11) و در سال 1402 در اواخر مرداد ماه با میانگین (23/0± 29/11) تریپس در واحد نمونه­برداری مشاهده شد. هم­چنین بیش­ترین میانگین تعداد تریپس پیاز با اختلاف معنی­داری در برگ­های پایینی نسبت به برگ­های میانی و بالایی لوبیا مشاهده گردید. نتایج توزیع فضایی آفت نشان داد که براساس هر دو روش تیلور و آیوائو، پراکنش فضایی تریپس پیاز از نوع یکنواخت بود. به‌طور کلی نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که جمعیت تریپس پیاز در هر دو سال مورد مطالعه در مرداد ماه به اوج خود می­رسد. هم­چنین بر اساس نیکویی برازش، روش آیوائو برای برآورد توزیع فضایی آفت مناسب­تر از روش تیلور ارزیابی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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