اثرات زیرکشندگی حشره‌کش‌های تیوسیکلام‌هیدروژن اکسالات و اسپیرومسیفن روی جدول زندگی و پیش‌بینی روند جمعیتی سفیدبالک گلخانه، Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• مهسا عبداله زاده بوانی ¹
• فریبا مهرخو ¹
• مریم فروزان ²

¹ گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

² مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران

10.22067/jpp.2025.91258.1214

چکیده

سفیدبالک گلخانه، (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)، آفتی پلی‌فاژ با تعداد نسل زیاد است و از نظر اقتصادی آفت مهم گیاهان جالیزی و گلخانه‌ای می‌باشد. در این پژوهش، اثر غلظت­های کشنده و زیرکشنده دو حشره­کش تیوسیکلام هیدروژن اکسالات (LC₂₅=76/58 میلی­گرم ماده موثره بر لیتر) و اسپیرومسیفن (LC₂₅=57/175 میلی­گرم ماده موثره بر لیتر) بر فراسنجه­های جدول زندگی و پیش­بینی روند رشد جمعیت T. vaporariorum در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. روش مورد استفاده در زیست­سنجی­ها، غوطه­ور کردن برگ­های لوبیا حاوی پوره به مدت 20 ثانیه در ترکیب حشره­کش­های مذکور بود. مطالعات جدول زندگی با 50 عدد تخم هم­سن انجام یافت. تجزیه داده­ها با استفاده از تئوری جدول زندگی دو جنسی ویژه سن-مرحله رشدی و با استفاده از برنامه TWOSEX–MSChart انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از غلظت زیرکشنده تیوسیکلام هیدروژن اکسالات منجر به طولانی شدن مراحل نابالغ سفیدبالک گلخانه گردید. همچنین، هر دو حشره­کش تیوسیکلام ­هیدروژن اکسالات و اسپیرومسیفن باعث کاهش طول عمر حشرات کامل و میزان باروری T. vaporariorum نسبت به شاهد شد. استفاده از غلظت زیرکشنده حشره­کش­ها منجر به کاهش فراسنجه­های رشد جمعیت (r،  lو R₀) سفیدبالک گلخانه گردید. میزان نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت و نرخ خالص تولید­مثل ­ترتیب در شاهد، تیوسیکلام ­هیدروژن اکسالات و اسپیرومسیفن شامل (006/0±0525/0 بر روز، 006/0±05/1 بر روز و 73/0±21/4 نتاج)، (0004/0±0176/0 بر روز، 01/0±95/0بر روز و 10/0±29/0 نتاج) و (0002/0±0271/0 بر روز، 009/0±97/0 بر روز و 11/0±54/0نتاج) به دست آمد. . همچنین، نتایج حاصل از پیش­بینی­ روند جمعیتی سفیدبالک گلخانه با فراسنجه­های رشد جمعیت مطابقت داشت. به عنوان مثال، با افزایش مدت زمان یک نسل حشره (T)، در نتاجی که والدین آنها با غلظت زیرکشنده تیوسیکلام هیدروژن اکسالات تیمار شده بودند، سرعت رشد جمعیتی کمتری داشتند. مجموع نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که هر دو حشره­­کش مورد استفاده می­توانند به عنوان حشره­کش های موثر در مدیریت سفیدبالک گلخانه مدنظر قرار گیرند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

• حشره‌کش‌ها
• رشد جمعیت
• سفید بالک گلخانه
• ویژگی های زیستی

موضوعات

• آفات

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