بررسی اثر سطوح کود فسفر و تراکم خردل وحشی (Sinapis arvensis L.) بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه ژنتیک و تولید گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تراکم علف‌هرز و میزان کود فسفر بر ویژگی‌های رشدی و نحوه تخصیص ماده خشک در گیاه زراعی گلرنگ و علف‌هرز خردل وحشی، آزمایشی بصورت کرت­های خرد شده درقالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال زراعی 99-98 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل سطوح کود فسفر (چهار سطح صفر، 25، 50 و 75 کیلوگرم فسفر خالص در هکتار) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و تراکم خردل وحشی (چهار سطح صفر، 14، 28 و 56 بوته در متر مربع) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج مقایسات میانگین نشان داد بیشترین میزان وزن خشک برگ گلرنگ با 48/35 گرم در متر مربع در 165 روز بعد از سبز شدن در تیمار شاهد (عدم وجود خردل وحشی) بدست آمد و کمترین میزان وزن خشک برگ نیز با 23/28 گرم از تیمار تراکم 28 بوته خردل وحشی حاصل گردید. بیشترین مقدار شاخص سطح برگ کل گیاه گلرنگ معادل 67/1 در 210 روز پس از سبز شدن از تیمار 25 کیلوگرم در هکتار مصرف فسفر حاصل گردید و کمترین میزان این شاخص نیز برابر با 19/1 از تیمار 50 کیلوگرم مصرف فسفر به­دست آمد. همچنین بیشترین شاخص سطح برگ بوته خردل وحشی در 165 روز بعد از کشت (63/0) در تراکم 56 بوته خردل وحشی در متر مربع بوده و کمترین میزان این شاخص در این مرحله (26/0) از تراکم 14 بوته حاصل شده است. به‌صورت کلی مشاهده شد که ارتفاع گیاه و شاخص سطح برگ در گیاه خردل وحشی در شرایط تراکم بالاتر در همه­ی مراحل رشد بیشترین مقدار بوده که نشان دهنده­ی رقابت‌پذیری علف‌هرز می­باشد. هرچه تراکم علف‌هرز بالاتر رفته ارتفاع گیاه زراعی بیشتر شده است، اما این افزایش تراکم علف‌هرز منجر به کاهش شاخص سطح برگ گیاه زراعی گردیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

©2024 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

  

https://doi.org/10.22067/jpp.2024.84836.1162

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