ارزیابی کنه‌کش گیاهی حاوی روغن پنبه دانه و میخک علیه کنه تارتن دو لکه‌ای سیب

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات جانورشناسی کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

2 رکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان

3 دانشیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خراسان رضوی، ایران

چکیده

کنه تارتن دولکه­ای سیب (Tetranychus urticae Koch) همه ساله در باغات سیب کشور خساراتی را به باغ­داران تحمیل می­نماید. استفاده مداوم از کنه­کش/حشره­کش­های شیمیایی طیف وسیع جهت کنترل این آفت، علاوه بر احتمال ایجاد مقاومت، باعث از بین بردن دشمنان طبیعی نیز شده است. همچنین تا به امروز هیچ کنه­کش گیاهی بر روی این گونه در ایران ثبت نشده است. در این راستا، کنه­کش گیاهی حاوی روغن پنبه دانه و میخک (Pestout®) جهت کنترل مراحل فعال این آفت با غلظت­های 3 و 5 در هزار و در مقایسه با سموم رایج اسپیرودیکلوفن با غلظت نیم در هزار، فنازاکوئین با غلظت نیم در هزار و شاهد (آب­پاشی) در سه استان تهران، اصفهان و خراسان رضوی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. این آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی و در سه تکرار (هر تکرار شامل دو درخت سیب ده ساله رقم زرد و با شرایط یکسان) برای هر تیمار انجام شد. نمونه­برداری یک روز قبل از سمپاشی و زمان های 3، 7 و 14 روز پس از سمپاشی از هر واحد آزمایشی صورت گرفت. درصد تلفات با فرمول هندرسون-تیلتون محاسبه و پس از تجزیه واریانس مرکب داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار SAS، مقایسه میانگین درصد کارایی تیمارها با آزمون دانکن صورت گرفت. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده از سه منطقه هر دو غلظت پست­اوت در تمام روزها کارایی بالایی داشته و قابل مقایسه با سموم رایج شیمیایی بودند. بنابراین می­توان گفت که کنه­کش پست­اوت جایگزین خوبی جهت کنترل این آفت بوده و غلظت 3 در هزار این ترکیب در ایران قابل توصیه می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مراجع

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