فنولوژی، مورفولوژی و عملکرد دو گونه سوروف

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه گیلان

2 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور-رشت

چکیده

به منظور بررسی فنولوژی و مقایسة خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و تعیین تفاوت‌های احتمالی در صفات مرتبط با عملکرد دو گونه‌ی ‌هرز مزارع برنج شامل گونة شایع سوروف (Echinochloa crus-galli) و گونة تازه ‌وارد سوروف ‌آبی (E. oryzoides)، این آزمایش طی دو سال در گلدان و در شرایط هوای آزاد در مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور-رشت انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در سوروف ‌آبی زمان رسیدن به ارتفاع نهایی، ظهور آخرین برگ ساقة اصلی، شروع پنجه‌دهی، ظهور پانیکول، شروع پرشدن و رسیدگی دانه و برداشت، زودتر و عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت و وزن صد دانه بیش‌تر از سوروف بود. در مقابل دورة پرشدن دانه طولانی‌تر و تعداد نهایی برگ و پنجه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و ریزش دانه کم‌تر از سوروف بود. زمان اتمام دورة پنجه‌دهی، ارتفاع، طول برگ پرچم و پانیکولِ ساقة اصلی تفاوت معنی‌داری بین دو گونه نداشت. بنابراین ویژگی‌هایی نظیر طول دورة رشد کوتاه‌تر، عملکرد و وزن دانه بیشتر به برتری گونة تازه‌وارد کمک خواهند کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Phenoleogy, Morphology and Yield Characteristics of Two Echinochloa Weed Species

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Mohammadvand 1
  • Alireza Koocheki 2
  • M. Nassiri Mahallati 2
  • A. Shahdi 3
1 University of Guilan
2 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Scientific Member of Rice Research Institute of Iran
چکیده [English]

The experiment was performed to evaluate the morphological, phenological and yield aspects of two different Echinochloa species, including barnyardgrass (E. crus-galli) and watergrass (E. orizoides) as a new-introduced weed species. The study was conducted as a 2-years pot-experiment under outdoor condition at Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in Rasht. The results demonstrated that; time to reach the final height, final leaf appearance in the main stem, first tiller and inflorescence appearance, seed filling initiation, and seed maturity were earlier, and grain yield, harvest index, and 100-seed weight were higher, in watergrass compared with barnyardgrass. However, the seed filling duration was longer, and final number of leaves and tillers, biological yield and shattering percent were lower for watergrass than those of barnyardgrass. Time to final tillering, maximum height, flag leaf and main stem panicle length showed no significant differences between the two species. Therefore, some traits such as shorter life-cycle, higher grain yield, and heavier seeds, will aid the new-introduced species to extend more successfully.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Barnyardgrass
  • Competitive ability
  • invasive weed watergrass
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