Study of SUT1، Chi3 and CYP1 Genes Expression in Tomato Parasitized by Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptica)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• M.R. Fayyaz ¹
• hasan marashi ²
• A. Mirshamsi Kakhki ¹
• M. Kermani ³

¹ Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

² valizadeh

³ Payam nor University

10.22067/jpp.v29i2.50134

Abstract

Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptica) is an obligate root parasite causing yield losses in large number of crops such as tomato, sunflower, cucumber, tobacco. In tropical and Mediterranean countries from Europe, Africa and Asia. Several methods have been suggested for control of this parasite, but most of them are expensive and ineffective. For the efficient control, a better understanding of its interaction with host plant characterization of resistance mechanisms at molecular level is required, The expression of genes encoding chitinase, cysteine proteinase and succrose transporter in response to Orobanche aegyptica was studied in a tolerant and sensetive tomatos cultivars by Realtime PCR method. Results showed that the genes were up-regulated in early stage of infection. Two species also showed different expression in succrose transporter and cysteine proteinase, but the same expression was observed for chitinase gene. The behaviour pattern of two genotypes showed that defence activity of tomato started at early hours of infection and the resistant genotype responses were earlier than sensetive genotype to signal of invasion. Results also indicated that protease enzymes can be one of the important tools of plants for preventing the penetration and connection of parasite to its root.

Keywords

• Broomrape
• Chitinase
• Cysteine proteinase
• Succrose transporter
• Tomato

20.1001.1.20084749.1394.29.2.2.7

---

References

1- Castillejo M., Amiour N., Dumas-Gaudot E., Rubiales D., and Jorrin J. 2004. A proteome approach to studying plant response to crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata) in pea (Pisum sativum). Phytochemistry, 65: 1817-1828.

2- Castillejo M. A., Maldonado A., Dumas-Gaudot E., Fernandez-Aparicio M., Susin R., Diego R., and Jorrin J. 2009. Differential expression proteomics to investigate responses and resistance to Orobanche crenata in Medicago truncatula. BMC Genomics, 10: 294.

3- Castillejo M. Á., Fernandez-Aparicio M., and Rubiales D. 2012. Proteomic analysis by two-dimensional differential in gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) of the early response of Pisum sativum to Orobanche crenata. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63: 107-119.

4- Die J. V., Gonzalez Verdejo C. I., Dita M. Á., Nadal S., and Roman B. 2009. Gene expression analysis of molecular mechanisms of defense induced in Medicago truncatula parasitized by Orobanche crenata. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 47: 635-641.

5- Echevarria-Zomeno S., Perez-de-Luque A., Jorrin J., and Maldonado A. 2006. Pre-haustorial resistance to broomrape (Orobanche cumana) in sunflower (Helianthus annuus): cytochemical studies, Journal of Experimental Botany, 57: 4189 - 4200.

6- El-Maarouf-Bouteau H., Moreau E., Errakhi R., and Salle G. 2008. A diffusible signal from germinating Orobanche ramosa elicits early defense responses in suspension-cultured Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 3: 189-193.

7- Garcia-Torres L., Castejon-Munoz M., Lopez-Granados F., and Jurado-Exposito M. 1995. Imazapyr applied postemergence in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) for broomrape (Orobanche cernua) control. Weed technology : a Journal of the Weed Science Society of America, 9: 819-824.

8- Gharbi I., Ricard B., Smiti S., Bizid E., and Brouquisse R. 2009. Increased hexose transport in the roots of tomato plants submitted to prolonged hypoxia. Planta, 230: 441-448.

9- Gonzalez-Andújar J. L., Martinez-Cob A., Lopez-Granados F., and Garcia-Torres L. 2001. Spatial distribution and mapping of crenate broomrape infestations in continuous broad bean cropping. Weed Science, 49: 773-779.

10- Hanounik S., and Bisiri M. 1991. Status of disease of faba bean in the mediterraneun region and their control

11- Kermani M., Asgari H., Marashi H., Mirshamsi A. 2012. Evaluation of tomato genotype (Lycopersicon esculentum) and (solanum spp. ) for egyption brooprape (Orobanche agyptica) resistance. Journal of Plant Protection, 28: 539-546.

12- Lejeune A., Constant S., Delavault P., Simier P., Thalouarn P., and Thoiron S. 2006. Involvement of a putative Lycopersicon esculentum wall-associated kinase in the early steps of tomato–Orobanche ramosa interaction. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 69: 3-12.

13- Lemoine R. 2000. Sucrose transporters in plants: update on function and structure. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes. 1465: 246-262.

14- Letousey P., De Zelicourt A., Vieira Dos Santos C., Thoiron S., Monteau F., Simier P., Thalouarn P., and Delavault P. 2007. Molecular analysis of resistance mechanisms to Orobanche cumana in sunflower. Plant Pathology, 56: 536-546.

15- Pozo M. J., Azcon-Aguilar C., Dumas-Gaudot E., and Barea J. M. 1998. Chitosanase and chitinase activities in tomato roots during interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi or Phytophthora parasitica. Journal of Experimental Botany, 49: 1729-1739.

16- Rispail N., Dita M., Gonzalez-Verdejo C., Perez-de-Luque A., Castillejo M., Prats E., Roman B., Jorrin J., and Rubiales D. 2007. Plant resistance to parasitic plants: molecular approaches to an old foe. New Phytol. 173: 703 - 712.

17- Roitsch T. 1999. Source-sink regulation by sugar and stress. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2: 198-206.

18- Vieira dos Santos C., Delavault P., Letousey P., and Thalouarn P. 2003. Identification by suppressive subtractive hybridization and expression analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana putative defence genes during Orobanche ramosa infection. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 62: 297 - 303.