مطالعه برخی جنبه‌های اکولوژیکی جوانه‌زنی و خواب بذر علف‌هرز عروسک پشت ‌پرده (Physalis angulata L.)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

2 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

درک بهتر عوامل موثر بر جوانه‌زنی بذر علف‌های هرز می‌تواند باعث تسهیل توسعه روش‌های مدیریت زراعی موثرتر شود. هدف از این مطالعه، تعیین اثر عوامل محیطی بر جوانه‌زنی بذر علف‌هرز عروسک پشت ‌پرده (Physalis angulata L.) بود. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد اسید جیبرلیک تیمار مناسبی برای رفع خواب اولیه بذرها بود. بذرهای علف‌هرز عروسک پشت ‌پرده جوانه‌زنی یکسانی در هر دو شرایط نور/تاریکی و تاریکی مداوم داشتند که نشانگر غیر فتوبلاستیک بودن این گونه است. با این حال، بیش‌ترین درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی در دماهای متناوب گرم‌تر مشاهده شد. پس‌رسی بذرها باعث گسترده‌تر شدن دامنه پاسخ جوانه‌زنی به دماهای ثابت شد. بر اساس تابع دوتکه‌ای، دماهای پایه، مطلوب و بیشینه جوانه‌زنی به ترتیب معادل 06/8، 83/35 و 30/42 درجه سانتی‌گراد برآورد شد. آستانه پاسخ این گیاه برای کاهش 50 درصدی حداکثر جوانه‌زنی به شوری معادل 25/59 میلی‌مولار و به پتانسیل اسمزی معادل 29/0- مگاپاسکال بود. بر اساس مدل هیدروتایم ویبول، ثابت هیدروتایم و پتانسیل آب پایه برای شروع جوانه‌زنی به ترتیب معادل 26 مگاپاسکال ساعت و 45/1- مگاپاسکال به‌دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on Some Ecological Aspects of Cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) Seed Germination and Dormancy

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Derakhshan 1
  • J. Gherekhloo 2
1 Khouzestan Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resource University
2 Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

A better understanding of the factors influencing the germination of weed seeds could facilitate the development of more effective cultural weed management practices. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of environmental factors on seed germination of Cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.). Results showed that application of gibberellic acid (GA3) was effective treatment for seeds primary dormancy breaking. Physalis angulata seed had identical germination in either light/dark or continuous dark regimes, indicating this weed species is non-photoblastic. However, the maximum germination percentages and germination rates were observed at warmer alternating temperatures. The ranges of response to the constant temperature for germination were widened during afterripening periods. Based on the 2-piece segmented model, the base, the optimum and maximum temperatures for germination of P. angulata were estimated to be 8.06, 35.83 and 42.30 ˚C, respectively. The response thresholds of P. angulata to inhibit 50% of maximum germination for salinity and osmotic potential were 59.25 mM and -0.29 MPa, respectively. According to the weibull hydrotime model, hydrotime constant and base water potential to initiate germination were obtained equal to 26 MPa h and -1.45 MPa, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Temperature response
  • Salinity stress
  • Drought stress
  • Hydrotime model

مراجع

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