بررسی اثر کشندگی سیرینول (®Sirinol) و اسپیرودیکلوفن (Envidor®) روی Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مزرعه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• بهنام امیری ¹
• مهدی کبیری رئیس آباد ²

¹ دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

² دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

10.22067/jpp.v32i2.63951

چکیده

کنه تارتن دو نقطه‌ای یکی از آفات مهم و اقتصادی در مزارع لوبیا است. در این تحقیق، اثر آفت‌کش گیاهی سیرینول و کنه‌کش شیمیایی اسپیرودیکلوفن روی تخم و بالغ این آفت در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مزرعه‌ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. از دستگاه برج پاشش برای زیست‌سنجی‌ها استفاده شد. از سوی دیگر، به منظور بررسی غلظت‌های 1000، 2000 و 4000 پی‌پی‌ام از آفت‌کش سیرینول و غلظت‌های 300، 600 و 1200 پی‌پی‌ام از کنه‌کش اسپیرودیکلوفن، آزمایشی در شرایط مزرعه‌ای با 7 تیمار و 4 تکرار در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی انجام گرفت. نمونه‌برداری از جمعت آفت یک روز قبل، سه، هفت، چهارده و بیست و یک روز پس از تیمار انجام گرفت. میزان LC50 آفت‌کش سیرینول برای تخم و کنه بالغ با گذشت 72 ساعت از زمان تیمار به‌ترتیب 3/1192 و 3/592 پی‌پی‌ام و میزان LC50 کنه‌کش اسپیرودیکلوفن به‌ترتیب 8/289 و 9/172 پی‌پی‌ام براورد شد. بر این اساس، کنه‌های بالغ نسبت به تخم‌ها حساسیت بیشتری در برابر هر دو ترکیب ذکر شده داشتند. نتایج زیست سنجی مزرعه‌ای نشان‌ دهنده دوام اثر طولانی‌تر آفت‌کش سیرینول بود. به‌طوری‌که 21 روز پس از تیمار، میزان کشندگی غلظت پشنهاد شده مزرعه‌ای این ترکیب برای کنه تارتن بالغ 11/92 درصد بود. همچنین سمیت این ترکیب برای کنه شکارگرAthias-Henriot Phytoseiulus persimilis بسیار کمتر از کنه‌کش اسپیرودیکلوفن بود. بر اساس معیارهای IOBC، آفت‌کش سیرینول در نمونه‌برداری‌های 21 روز پس از تیمار و در غلظت پیشنهاد شده مزرعه‌ای در گروه سموم با خطر کم و کنه‌کش اسپیرودیکلوفن در گروه سموم خطرناک برای این دشمن طبیعی دسته‌بندی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اسپیرودیکلوفن
• زیست‌سنجی
• سیرینول
• کنه تارتن دو نقطه‌ای

20.1001.1.20084749.1397.32.2.6.2

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عنوان مقاله [English]

The Survey Effects of Garlic Extract Sirinol® and Chemical Acaricide Spirodiclofen Envidor® on Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) under Laboratory and Field Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

• Behnam Amiri-Besheli ¹
• Mahdi Kabiri Raeis Abad ²

¹ Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural University

²

چکیده [English]

Introduction: The two-spotted spider mite is a cosmopolitan species that exist in wide areas of the world and fed from different varieties of plants. The control of this pest was done by chemical pesticides and acaricides. Due to the high cost of chemical compound and problems such as durability and environmental pollution, alternative control means are necessary. Plants may provide potential alternatives to currently used insect control agents. Plant materials have several advantages over traditional pest control agents; such as specificity, biodegradability and low mammalian toxicity. Sirinol is a natural compound based on garlic extract. Spirodiclofen with a trade name of Envidor® is a broad spectrum acaricide acting via lipid biosynthesis inhibition (LBI) with no cross-resistance to currently available acaricides and with additional insecticidal properties. Envidor is positive IPM listed but in the frame of resistance, management limited to one application per season. In pear growing Envidor constitutes an important tool in pear sucker control in a tandem strategy with abamectin. In this research, the effect of this compound was investigated on the egg and adult of T. uricae under laboratory and field condition.
Materials and Methods
Rearing of T. urticae: An initial mite colony was collected from infected fields in Sari and was transferred to the laboratory in Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resource University, plant protection department. The adult mites were released on the bean leaves (3 weeks after leaves germination) and removed 24 h after treatment. Infected plants to mite eggs were placed in a growth incubator at 25±2˚C, 65±5% RH and 16:8 photoperiods. 12 days after treatment and emerging of adults, they were used for the bioassay.
Bioassay: First of all, primary experiments were performed to determine the minimum and maximum concentrations. Then, seven concentrations and also control were considered. The concentrations used for sirinol were 250, 381, 593, 922, 1434, 2230 and 3500 ppm and for spirodiclofen were100, 134, 180, 242, 326, 438 and 600 ppm. The original bean leaf discs (30 mm diameter) were cut and 15 adults of T. urticae were released on each leaf. Then, 500 microliters of each concentration was sprayed on the leaves using spray potter tower and the leaves were put on the petri plates containing moist cotton. The treatments were placed in a growth incubator at 25±2˚C, 65±5% RH and 16:8 photoperiods. The number of dead mites was counted at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment. To evaluate the effect of three concentrations 1000, 2000 and 4000 ppm of sirinol and 300, 600 and 1200 ppm of spirodiclofen an experiment with seven treatment and four replications was conducted in a randomized complete design under field condition. The numbers of T. urticae and P. persimilis (egg and adult) on leaf samples were counted one day before treatment and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment.
Statistical analyses: The mortality results were analyzed statistically using SPSS data processing software. Significant differences among the groups were determined using the unpaired Duncan-test. A value of P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Bioassay
• Sirinol
• Spirodiclofen
• two-spotted spider mite

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