ارزیابی تحمل به یخ‌زدگی گیاه مهاجم گل‌گندم (L. Centaurea balsamita) خوسرمایی شده با شرایط پاییزه

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی تحمل گیاه مهاجم گل‌گندم به تنش یخ‌زدگی مطالعه‌ی به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تکرار درگلخانه تحقیقاتی علف‌های‌هرز دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1393 اجرا گردید. گیاه مهاجم گل‌گندم در معرض 7 دمای یخ‌زدگی (0 ، 3-، 6-، 9-، 12-، 15- و 18- درجه سانتی‌گراد) قرار گرفتند. گیاهان در محیط طبیعی نگهداری شده و پس از گذرانیدن دوره خوسرمایی از اول آبان 1392 تا 30 آذر 1393، با استفاده از فریز ترموگرادیان، تحت تیمارهای یخ‌زدگی قرار گرفتند. میزان پایداری غشاء سیتوپلاسمی گل‌گندم مورد مطالعه با استفاده ازآزمون نشت الکترولیت‌ها مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت، سپس دمای کشنده 50 درصد نمونه‌ها بر اساس درصد نشت الکترولیت‌ها (LT50el) تعیین گردید. درصد بقاء نیز با شمارش تعداد بوته زنده در هر گلدان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. سپس دمای کشنده برای 50 درصد بقاء (LT50su) و دمای کاهنده 50 درصد وزن خشک (RDMT50) در پایان دوره بازیافت (سه هفته بعد از اعمال تیمار یخ‌زدگی) تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد کاهش دما ازC° 12- به C° 15- سبب افزایش معنی‌دار (05/0 P≤) نشت الکترولیت‌ها در گل‌گندم شد. همچنین کاهش دما از °C 9- به °C 12- سبب کاهش معنی‌دار (05/0 P≤) درصد بقاء و زیست توده گل گندم شد. در آزمایش حاضر LT50el، LT50suو RDMT50 گل‌گندم خوسرمایی شده با شرایط پاییزه به ترتیب C° 2/13-، C° 6/12- و C° 8/11- بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Invasive plant Centaurea balsamita cold Acclimated in the falling to freezing stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Abbasian
  • Abbas Abbasian
  • Abbas Abbasian
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of freezing stresses on invasive plant of Centaurea balsamita, an experiment was performed as factorial, based on completely randomized design with five replications at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Agriculture during 2014. In this experiment Centaurea balsamita after their period of cold acclimation in the falling exposed to seven freezing temperatures (0, -3, -6, -9, -12, -15 and -18 °C). Potted plants were grown in natural conditions and maintained for acclimation, until 2-4 and 4-8 leaf stages and then, the plants were placed in a thermogradian freezer in different chilling and the freezing temperature (FT) regimes. The cytoplasm membrane stability of Centaurea balsamita was evaluated using electrolyte leakage; then the lethal temperature of 50% of samples was determined based on leakage percentage (LT50el). Survival percentage was evaluated by counting the number of live plants in each pot. Then, at the end of the recovery period, the lethal temperature for 50% of survival percentage (LT50su) and reduction temperature for 50% of dry weight (RDMT50) were determined (three weeks after the application of freezing treatment). According to the results of the first experiment, temperature reduction from -12 °C to -15 °C leads to significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in electrolyte leakage of Centaurea balsamita. In addition, temperature reduction from -9 °C to -12 °C results in significant decrease (P≤ 0.05) in survival percentage and biomass of Centaurea balsamita. The results showed that LT50el, LT50su and RDMT50 of cold acclimated Centaurea balsamita in fall conditions were -13.2 °C, -126 °C and -11.8 °C, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • LT50
  • RDMT50
  • Electrolyte leakage
  • Cold acclimation
  • Survival percentage
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