بررسی مکانیزم آللوپاتیک عصاره آبی کمای بینالودی (Ferula flabelliloba) در بذور در حال جوانه زنی قدومه (Alyssum szowitsianum)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نیشابور

چکیده

گزارش هایی از بروز تنش اکسیداتیو ناشی از مواد آللوپاتیک ترپنی بر جوانه زنی برخی گیاهان وجود دارد. α-پینن یکی از مونوترپن های مهم با اثرات آللوپاتیک است که در خانواده های مختلف گیاهی، به‌ویژه در کمای بینالودی از خانواده چتریان گزارش شده است. به منظور بررسی اثرات آللوپاتیک کمای‌بینالودی و زمان نمونه گیری بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی در هنگام جوانه زنی بذور قدومه آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار انجام شد. مواد آللوپاتیک در سه سطح شامل عصاره آبی برگ های روزت مرحله رویشی گیاه کمای بینالودی با غلظت 10 درصد،
α-پینن با غلظت 5 میلی گرم در لیتر و شاهد و زمان های نمونه گیری در پنج سطح شامل24 ،48 ،72 ،96 ،120 ساعت پس از آبنوشی و اعمال تیمارهای آللوپاتیک بود. نتایج بیانگر آن است که عصاره آبی کمای بینالودی و α-پینن باعث کاهش درصد جوانه زنی و قابلیت حیات بذور نسبت به تیمار شاهد شدند و سرعت زوال قابلیت حیات بذور در تیمار با عصاره گیاه بالاتر از α-پینن بود. مقدار خروج و نشر مواد، تولید پراکسید هیدروژن و مالون دی آلدئید در تیمار با مواد آللوپاتیک افزایش یافت، علاوه بر این فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی سوپراکسید دیسمتاز، کاتالاز، آسکوربات-پراکسیداز و گلوتاتیون ردوکتاز به طور معنی داری تحت تاثیر مواد آللوپاتیک و زمان نمونه گیری قرار گرفت. به طور کلی بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی در بذور تیمار شده عصاره گیاهی و نمونه گیری شده بعد از 120 ساعت اندازه گیری شد و با بیش‌ترین مقدار تولید پراکسید هیدروژن همراه بود. علی رغم افزایش فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی در بذور تیمار شده با عصاره گیاهی و α-پینن، تجمع گونه های فعال اکسیژن باعث بروز خسارت سلولی و کاهش قابلیت حیات بذور گردید. افزایش مقدار پراکسید هیدروژن و فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی بیانگر بروز نوعی تنش اکسیداسیونی القا شده توسط مواد آللوپاتیک در این تحقیق است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of Allelopatic Mechanism of Ferula flabelliloba Aquatic Extract in Germinating Alyssum szivitsianum Seeds

نویسنده [English]

  • Gh. Taheri
Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur
چکیده [English]

Some reports indicated that terpenoides allochemicals material induced oxidative stresses during seed germination phase. α-pinnen, as one of important allechemical monoterpenoids, reported from species of several plant family and especially Ferula flabelliloba from Apiaceae. In order to investigate the allelopatic effect of F. flabelliloba and the time of sampling on physiological and biochemical processes during seed germination of A. szivitsianum a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replication. The first factor was allelopatic materials in three levels including 10% leaf aquatic extract of F. flabelliloba (gathered in vegetative period), 5 mg L-1 α-pinnen and control and the second factor was time of sampling in 5 levels including sampling in 24,48,72,96 and 120 hour after imbibitions. Results showed that, both leaf aquatic extract of F. flabelliloba and α-pinnen solution decreased A. szivitsianum seed germination and viability. The velocity of seed losses viability was faster in the seeds exposed in plant extract. The amount of solute leakage, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde increased in seeds treated with allelochemical materials. In addition, the activities of the antioxidative enzymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbare peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase affected by allelochemicals and time of sampling. The highest activities of antioxidative enzymes and H2O2 concentration were measured in seeds that germinated under plant water extract and sampled after 120 hours. My results demonstrated that despite the activation of antioxidant system by F. flabelliloba phytotoxin and α-pinnen, reactive oxygen species accumulation caused cellular damage, which resulted in the decrease of seed viability. It seems that the increased level of scavenging enzymes indicated their induction as a defence mechanism in response to allelochemicals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Electrolyte leakage
  • Enzyme
  • Germination
  • Lipid peroxidation
  • oxidative stress

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