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32 cm in silty loam and clay loam soils and the depth of 42 cm of sandy loam soil encountered with no germination and emergence of seedling. According to the results, the underground organ dry weight of C. rotundus in the textures and depths of the soil was quite different. In sandy loam, the highest underground dry weight was obtained at the 2 cm depth and the lowest was at 42 cm depth (0) of sandy loam. The highest underground dry weight of the tuber (63.6 g) was observed at 12 cm depth and the lowest (0) was obtained at 32 and 42 cm depths. The results showed the highest tubers number was observed at 2 cm depth of sandy loam soil and the lowest was obtained at 42 cm depth of sandy loamy and 32 cm and 42 cm depth of sandy loamy. The number of tubers decreased with increasing planting depth in all three texture types. The highest percentage of tuber production in heavy textures (silty loam and clay loam) was formed in layers of 2 to 12 cm of the soil.
Conclusion: The results showed that with increasing depth in all three types of soil texture, all the growth characteristics of purple nutsedge significantly reduced. More than 80% of the distribution and dispresal of underground organs was formed at a depth of 2 to 12 cm. The percentage of emergence decreased by 100 % at 32 and 42 cm depths of clay loam and silty loam. It seems that, the lack of emergence at the high soil depth is due to disruption of gas exchanges and lack of light. Given the importance of tubers in reproduction of this plant, this should be considered in management strategies. The deep plowing by delaying the emergence and growth and decreasing the production of reproductive organs (rhizome and tuber) of purple nutsedge can be considered as a management option. This weed has high emergence ability in the sandy loam soils due to high permeability and porosity.]]>
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